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- 1 - Bowes-Lyon, Claude George, in the peerage of Scotland fourteenth and in the peerage of the United Kingdom first Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne 1855-1944, was born at Glamis 14 March 1855, the eldest son of Claude Bowes-Lyon, who succeeded his brother as thirteenth Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne in 1865, by his wife, Frances Dora, daughter of Oswald Smith, of Blendon Hall, Kent. He succeeded his father as fourteenth earl, 16 February 1904, and thereby also became the twenty-second Lord Glamis in the peerage of Scotland, and in the peerage of the United Kingdom the second Baron Bowes, of Streatlam Castle, in the county of Durham, and Lunedale, in Yorkshire. He was educated at Eton and was given a commission in the 2nd Life Guards, which he resigned in 1882 after his marriage in the previous year to Nina Cecilia (G.C.V.O., died 23 June 1938), daughter of the Rev. Charles William Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck, grandson of the third Duke of Portland [qv.]. Of his six sons the eldest, Patrick (1884-1949), succeeded to the title, the fourth, a captain in the Black Watch, was killed in action, 27 September 1915; and of his four daughters, the second, Mary Frances, married Sidney, sixteenth Baron Elphinstone, the third, Rose Constance, married William Spencer Leveson-Gower, afterwards fourth Earl Granville, and the youngest, Elizabeth Angela Marguerite, married, 26 April 1923, Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George, Duke of York, afterwards King George VI.
Lord Strathmore was decorated with the grand cross of the Royal Victorian Order in 1923, and subsequently he received from King George V the Order of the Thistle in 1928 and the Garter in 1935. In 1937 he was created Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne in the peerage of the United Kingdom, and, in order to commemorate the fact that a daughter of the house of Strathmore had become Queen-Consort, King George VI, after consulting the Lord Lyon, granted to Lord Strathmore in 1938 the issue of a warrant to add the following royal augmentation to the arms of the earl and his successors in that title, viz. An inescutcheon en surtout azure, thereon a rose argent, barbed vert, seeded or, ensigned with an imperial crown proper, within a double tressure flory-counter-flory of the second, the latter to indicate the earl's double royal descent from King Robert II through his two daughters (1) Jean, who married Sir John Lyon, first of Glamis, and (2) Euphemia, Countess Palatine of Strathearn, daughter of David, Earl of Strathearn (son of the said King Robert) and her husband, whose daughter married her cousin Sir John Lyon, second of Glamis.
Lord Strathmore was of a retiring disposition, but was a very popular landlord, taking a strong personal interest in the welfare of his tenantry, and in the management of his estates. On these there were many small-holdings, a form of tenancy which he encouraged, and he probably had more of these than any other proprietor in the district south and east of Aberdeenshire and Argyll. Interest in forestry led him to take an active part in the development of his plantations, especially of larch, and he was one of the first to rear larch from seed brought over by him from Norway. In 1904 he was appointed lord lieutenant of Angus in succession to his father, but he resigned in 1936; he was also president of the Territorial Association of the county. He died at Glamis 7 November 1944.
Biographical entry in the Dictionary of National Biography
Sources: Register of Arms, Lyon Office & personal knowledge.
Contributor: Francis J. Grant. Published: 1959
2 - Claude George Bowes-Lyon, 14th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne KG , KT , GCVO, TD (14 March 1855 - 7 November 1944) was a landowner and the maternal grandfather of Queen Elizabeth II.
From 1937 he was known as "14th and 1st Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne", because he was the 14th Earl in the peerage of Scotland but the 1st Earl in the peerage of the United Kingdom.
He was born at Lowndes Square in London , the son of Claude Bowes-Lyon, 13th Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne and his wife, the former Frances Dora Smith.
After being educated at Eton College he received a commission in the 2nd Life Guards in 1876, and served for six years until the year after his marriage.
On succeeding his father to the Earldom on 16 February 1904, he inherited large estates in Scotland and England , including Glamis Castle, St Paul's Walden Bury, and Woolmers Park, near Hertford. He was made Lord Lieutenant of Angus , an office he resigned when his daughter became Queen.
Despite The Earl's reservations about royalty, in 1923 his youngest daughter, Elizabeth, married the King's second son Prince Albert, Duke of York , and to mark the marriage Lord Strathmore was made a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. Five years later he was made a Knight of the Thistle.
In 1936 his son-in-law's brother, King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom , abdicated and his son-in-law became King. As the Queen Consort 's father, he was created a Knight of the Garter and Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in the Coronation Honours of 1937. This enabled him to sit in the House of Lords as an Earl (because members of the Peerage of Scotland did not automatically sit in the House of Lords, he had previously sat only as a Baron through the Barony of Bowes created for his father).
He had a keen interest in forestry, and was one of the first to grow larch from seed in Britain. His estates had a large number of smallholders and he had a reputation for being unusually kind to his tenants. He was an active member of the Territorial Army and served as Honorary Colonel of the 4th/5th Battalion of the Black Watch . His younger brother, Patrick Bowes-Lyon won the 1887 Wimbledon doubles.
The Earl made his own cocoa for breakfast, and always had a jug of water by his place at dinner so he could dilute his own wine. Later in life he became extremely deaf. Lord Strathmore died at the age of 89 at Glamis Castle in Angus of bronchitis . (Lady Strathmore had died in 1938. ) He was succeeded by his son, Patrick Bowes-Lyon, Lord Glamis .
He married Cecilia Cavendish-Bentinck on 16 July 1881, at Petersham , Surrey .
The couple had ten children, of whom they were very fond. The Earl would part his moustache in a theatrical but courteous gesture before kissing them:
The Hon Violet Hyacinth Bowes-Lyon 17 April 1882 17 October 1893 11 years She died from diphtheria and was buried at Ham church. She was never styled 'Lady' because she died before her father succeeded to the Earldom.
The Lady Mary Frances Bowes-Lyon 30 August 1883 8 February 1961 77 years Married 1910, Sidney Elphinstone, 16th Lord Elphinstone ; had issue.
Patrick Bowes-Lyon, Lord Glamis (later 15th and 2nd Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne) 22 September 1884 25 May 1949 64 years Married 1908, Lady Dorothy Osborne (daughter of George Osborne, 10th Duke of Leeds ); had issue.
Lieutenant The Hon. John Bowes-Lyon 1 April 1886 7 February 1930 43 years Married 1914, The Hon. Fenella Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis (daughter of Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton ); had issue.
The Hon. Alexander Francis Bowes-Lyon 14 April 1887 19 October 1911 24 years Died unmarried in his sleep of a tumour at the base of the cerebrum .
Captain The Hon. Fergus Bowes-Lyon 18 April 1889 26 September 1915 26 years Married 1914, Lady Christian Dawson-Damer (daughter of Lionel Dawson-Damer, 5th Earl of Portarlington ); had issue.
The Lady Rose Constance Bowes-Lyon 6 May 1890 17 November 1967 77 years Married 1916, William Leveson-Gower, 4th Earl Granville; had issue.
Lieutenant-Colonel The Hon. Michael Claude Hamilton Bowes-Lyon 1 October 1893 1 May 1953 59 years Married 1928, Elizabeth Cator; had issue; died of asthma and heart failure in Bedfordshire. He was a Prisoner of War during World War I .
The Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 4 August 1900 30 March 2002 101 years Married 1923, Prince Albert, Duke of York , later King George VI. In later life was known as Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother; had issue.
The Hon. Sir David Bowes-Lyon 2 May 1902 13 September 1961 59 years Married 1929, Rachel Clay ; had issue.
[ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Bowes-Lyon,_14th_Earl_of_Strathmore_and_Kinghorne ]
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1855 - 1944 (89 years)
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